Incidence of Antibiotic Residues in Cultured African Catfish C. gariepinus in Selected Zones at Enugu, Nigeria

Antibiotics have been used in fish farming for several decades combating diseases but improper application and handling had led to the occurrence of residues animal food such as fish. Animal products whose drug residue limit exceeds maximum (MRL) pose serious concern as; allergy, carcinogensis, antibacterial resistance, disruption intestinal flora, mutagenesis, tetratogenesis among others. The study was thus, conducted assess concentrations selected farms Enugu state Nigeria. three (3) senatorial zones State; north, west east involving two (2) local governments each zone respectively; Nsukka Igbo-etiti, Awgu Ezeagu, Nkanu south. A total fifty four (n = 54) Clarias gariepinus organs samples with replicates were study. kidney, liver muscles obtained from analysed antibiotics using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). include; tylosin, avilamycin, amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, lincomycin, macrolides quinolones. Available this increasing order > quinolone lincomycin chloramphenicol gentamincin amoxicillin avilamycin tylosin these mean 1.44 ± 0.17, 5.71 0.28, 10.04 0.27, 12.94 0.34, 9.09 21.68 0.41, 35.79 0.47, 25.86 0.27µg/kg). Tylosin (liver 1.7 0.50, gills 1.39 0.27; 1.17 0.12µg/kg) least concentration while 29.44 0.71, 49.04 0.31, muscle 28.87 0.31µg/kg) highest organs. Also, our results showed that seen values except (Tylosin Avilamycin 6.85 0.39, Amoxicillin 11.01 Chloramphenicol 12.00 0.33, Gentamicin 11.20 0.24, Lincomycin 21.75 0.42, Macrolides 0.31 Quinolones 28.40 0.40µg/kg). It also indicated at L.G.A. Macrolides; 0.00 0.00, 9.03 0.55, 11.53 18.39 0.61, 24.84 36.12 0.16 39.05 0.65 (µg/kg)) lowest Tylosin; 3.84 0.30, 2.55 0.20, 8.99 0.22, 13.82 6.39 0.10, 21.46 29.70 0.41 10.20 0.10µg/kg). observed across concentration; 0.84 0.15, 6.46 0.38, 11.12 0.36, 11.57 7.98 23.94 0.56, 51.58 0.69 27.99 0.39µg/kg). shows presence antibiotic collected six government areas under disparities studied. Although, below European Union limit, proper monitoring edible pharmaceutical is important. Educating farmers on need adhere strictly recommend withdrawal period after use drugs them very expedient due consequences they human health.